Percutaneous coronary intervention and coronary artery bypass grafting

Objective: To compare the clinical efficacy of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in the treatment of patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: Patients with CHD and type 2 diabetes mellitus undergoing PCI (n=130) and patients with the two diseases undergoing CABG (n=95) were analyzed retrospectively and were compared in terms of their repeat revascularization rate, all-causes of mortality, etc. Results: At 1 year and 5 years after their surgeries, the PCI group showed a significantly higher repeat revascularization rate than the CABG group (both P<0.05). At 5 years after their surgeries, the CABG group showed a significantly lower all-cause mortality rate than the PCI group (P<0.05). The recurrent stroke rate was not significantly different between the PCI and CABG groups (both P>0.05) at 1 year and 5 years after the surgeries. At 5 years after the surgeries, the PCI group showed a significantly higher recurrent myocardial infarction rate than the CABG group (P<0.05). The CABG group experienced significantly improved cardiac function compared to the PCI group at 5 years after the surgeries (P<0.05). Conclusion: Patients with CHD and type 2 diabetes mellitus undergoing CABG showed a significantly lower incidence of adverse events (excluding stroke) than those undergoing PCI.