Energy Efficient Shortest Path Routing Protocol in Underwater Sensor Networks

Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs) consist of a different types of sensors, that are placed both at underwater and at the surface. It will perform tasks over a particular area. This can be applicable in various fields such as ocean sampling, environmental monitoring, military application, disaster prevention, and distribution tactical surveillance. Today's recently grown in technology, the need for underwater communication has become more pronounced. But the UWSN communications are characterized by limited battery energy because each node plays the role of an individual router. Therefore, it is very essential to use energy properly and effectively in underwater networks. Through this research we have studied various parameters of UWSN and learnt a lot about this topic. We focused on a protocol that finds the shortest distance vector between the nodes and transmits the data through that path in an energy efficient manner. Also, we have compared the performance of four protocols ERP2R, Leach, DBR and EADA-RAT in terms of delay analysis and energy consumption.