Review of Research Trends in Underwater Communications-A Technical Survey

Research in Underwater Communications is tremendously growing now-a-days. Because of changes in undersea environment and multipath fading, it has become a challenging task for the researchers and scientists to communicate underwater. This paper describes various signals that can be passed through underwater and also the factors influencing them. Various techniques used for underwater communication, such as, OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing), DQPSK OFDM, Magnetic Induction (MI) and the parameters, models used in UWA(Underwater Acoustic Communications) are presented. The focused areas of research have been recognized and a survey of the current activities and future research areas have been presented.