Studying Palaeolithic art, several classical approaches have been used to identify the relationships between Palaeolithic sites and/or art caves in order to identify a chronology, a "culture" or a peopling territory: style of animal figurations, types of rare mobile art artefacts, parietal complex signs seen as a signature, etc. After having rapidly given the results of the classical approaches, the present paper is focusing on a new methodological way based on the indirect potential of figured bestiaries in both parietal and mobile art to define peopling territories, with beyond a better reliability due to the numerous available bestiary data. Several systems are studied here: Aurignacian, Solutrean and Magdalenian... During Upper Aurignacian, several peopling territories may be identified: the first one is Aquitaine and more precisely, the Aquitaine and Cantabrian area. The second one is an area constituted by the upper Danube basin, Rhine basin until Belgium, Saone basin until Burgundy, Rhone basin until Ardeche. A hypothetic third one, where data are missing, could be represented by the western Mediterranean coast. During the Solutrean, the peopling has his refuge in the sub-Pyrenean Iberian Peninsula but circulations have been pointed out through the Pyrenean Mountains until the Perigord and the Charente regions figuring a Mediterranean bestiary. During the Middle Magdalenian, two contiguous territories may be identified: - an Aquitaine and Cantabrian territory, centred on the Aquitaine plain, with a zoocenose horse/bison, of which known sites and caves are located on the northern slope of Pyrenees and Cantabrian mountains, - a northern territory (Centre and East of France, Rhineland, Switzerland, Central Europe), with a horse/reindeer zoocenose associated with mammoth and rhinoceros, corresponding to the "Magdalenien a navettes". The question of an eastern Aquitaine territory, with permanent occupation, centred on the east-west rivers (Dordogne, Vezere, Lot, etc.)flowing down from "Massif central" mountain, with a horse/reindeer zoocenose, is discussed. Nevertheless, four caves in Perigord are showing a unique model h + mammoth/rhinoceros which are not corresponding to any known zoocenose but are the convergence of all the different models of Magdalenian bestiaries et for which the interpretation is always opened. During the Upper Magdalenian, the previous territories are always existing but the bestiaries are modifying with the adaptation of the zoocenoses to the climatic change at the end of the ice age, particularly in Aquitaine and Languedoc, with the development of the bestiary horse/bison + aurochs/ redder.
