High-Order Unified Gas-kinetic Scheme

In this paper, we present a high-order unified gas-kinetic scheme (UGKS) using the weighted essentially non-oscillatory with adaptive-order (WENO-AO) method for spatial reconstruction and the two-stage fourth-order scheme for time evolution. Since the UGKS updates both the macroscopic flow variables and microscopic distribution function, and provides an adaptive flux function by combining the equilibrium and non-equilibrium parts, it is possible to take separate treatment of the equilibrium and non-equilibrium calculation in the UGKS for the development of highorder scheme. Considering the fact that high-order techniques are commonly applied in the continuum flow simulation with complex structures, and that the rarefied flow structure is usually smooth in the physical space, we apply the high-order techniques in the equilibrium part of the UGKS for the capturing of macroscopic flow evolution, and retain the calculation of distribution function as a second-order method, so that a balance of computational cost and numerical accuracy could be well achieved. The HUGKS has been validated by several numerical test cases, including sine-wave accucavity flow. It is shown that the current method preserves the multiscale property of the original UGKS and obtains accurate solutions in the near continuum regimes.