Capsule Network for Cyberthreat Detection

In cybersecurity, analyzing social network data has become an essential research area due to its property of providing real-time updates about real-world events. Studies have shown that Twitter can contain information about security threats before some specialized sites. Thus, the classification of tweets into security-related and not security-related can help with early warnings for such attacks. In this study, the use of a capsule network (CapsNet), the new deep learning algorithm, is investigated for the first time in the field of security attack detection using Twitter. The aim was to increase the accuracy of tweet classification by using CapsNet rather than a convolutional neural network (CNN). To achieve the research objective, the original implementation of CapsNet with dynamic routing is adapted to be suitable for text analysis using tweet data set. A random search technique was used to tune the model's hyperparameters. The experimental results showed that CapsNet exceeded the baseline CNN on the same data set, with accuracy of 92.21% and a 92.2% F1 score; also, word2vec embedding performed better than a random initialization.