LOFAR Lightning Imaging: Mapping Lightning With Nanosecond Precision

被引：22

作者：

Hare, B. M. ^{[1
]}

Scholten, O. ^{[1
,2
]}

Bonardi, A. ^{[3
]}

Buitink, S. ^{[4
]}

Corstanje, A. ^{[3
]}

Ebert, U. ^{[5
,6
]}

Falcke, H. ^{[2
,7
,8
,9
]}

Horandel, J. R. ^{[3
,7
]}

Leijnse, H. ^{[10
]}

Mitra, P. ^{[4
]}

Mulrey, K. ^{[4
]}

Nelles, A. ^{[3
,11
]}

Rachen, J. P. ^{[3
]}

Rossetto, L. ^{[3
]}

Rutjes, C. ^{[5
]}

Schellart, P. ^{[3
,12
]}

Thoudam, S. ^{[13
]}

Trinh, T. N. G. ^{[1
]}

ter Veen, S. ^{[3
,8
]}

Winchen, T. ^{[4
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Groningen, KVI Ctr Adv Radiat Technol, Groningen, Netherlands

[2] Vrije Univ Brussel, Interunivers Inst High Energy, Brussels, Belgium

[3] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Dept Astrophys, IMAPP, Nijmegen, Netherlands

[4] Vrije Univ Brussel, Inst Astrophys, Brussels, Belgium

[5] Ctr Math & Comp Sci, Amsterdam, Netherlands

[6] Eindhoven Univ Technol, Dept Appl Phys, Eindhoven, Netherlands

[7] NIKHEF, Sci Pk Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands

[8] Netherlands Inst Radio Astron ASTRON, Dwingeloo, Netherlands

[9] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, Bonn, Germany

[10] Royal Netherlands Meteorol Inst, De Bilt, Netherlands

[11] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA USA

[12] Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA

[13] Linnuniversitetet, Dept Phys & Elect Engn, Vaxjo, Sweden

来源：

JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES | 2018年 / 123卷 / 05期

基金：

爱尔兰科学基金会; 欧洲研究理事会; 英国科学技术设施理事会;

关键词：

lightning; lightning mapping; LOFAR; time of arrival; leader propagation; ARRAY;

D O I：

10.1002/2017JD028132

中图分类号：

P4 [大气科学（气象学）];

学科分类号：

0706 ; 070601 ;

摘要：

Lightning mapping technology has proven instrumental in understanding lightning. In this work we present a pipeline that can use lightning observed by the LOw-Frequency ARray (LOFAR) radio telescope to construct a 3-D map of the flash. We show that LOFAR has unparalleled precision, on the order of meters, even for lightning flashes that are over 20km outside the area enclosed by LOFAR antennas (approximate to 3,200km(2)), and can potentially locate over 10,000 sources per lightning flash. We also show that LOFAR is the first lightning mapping system that is sensitive to the spatial structure of the electrical current during individual lightning leader steps.

引用

下载

页码：2861 / 2876

页数：16

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