Effects of Abstinence in Adolescent Tobacco Smokers: Withdrawal Symptoms, Urge, Affect, and Cue Reactivity

被引:15
|
作者
Bidwell, L. Cinnamon [1 ,2 ,6 ]
Leventhal, Adam M. [3 ,4 ]
Tidey, Jennifer W. [1 ,6 ]
Brazil, Linda [1 ]
Niaura, Raymond S. [5 ,6 ]
Colby, Suzanne M. [1 ,6 ]
机构
[1] Brown Univ, Ctr Alcohol & Addict Studies, Providence, RI 02912 USA
[2] Rhode Isl Hosp, Div Behav Genet, Providence, RI USA
[3] Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA
[4] Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, Dept Psychol, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA
[5] Legacy, Schroeder Inst Tobacco Res & Policy Studies, Washington, DC USA
[6] Brown Univ, Dept Psychiat & Human Behav, Providence, RI 02912 USA
关键词
SMOKING ABSTINENCE; NICOTINE REPLACEMENT; TRANSDERMAL NICOTINE; VALIDATION; EXPOSURE; QUESTIONNAIRE; RESPONSES; EFFICACY; GUM;
D O I
10.1093/ntr/nts155
中图分类号
R194 [卫生标准、卫生检查、医药管理];
学科分类号
摘要
The aim of this study was to evaluate abstinence effects in adolescent daily smokers by examining the effects of experimentally manipulated acute smoking abstinence on measures including: (a) withdrawal symptoms, (b) reactive irritability, (c) smoking urges, (d) affect, and (e) responses to smoking cues. Participants (ages 1319, 74 daily smokers, and 22 nonsmokers) completed baseline questionnaires and laboratory assessments (Session 1) and returned 14 days later to repeat the laboratory assessments (Session 2); half of the smokers were randomly assigned to overnight tobacco abstinence preceding Session 2. During Session 2, abstinent smokers reported significantly greater increases in withdrawal symptoms, smoking urges, and negative affect compared with smokers who did not abstain and compared with nonsmokers. Although there was not a significant effect of abstinence on differential reactivity to smoking versus neutral cues, abstinence did result in significantly increased peak provoked urges and negative effect. There was not a significant effect of abstinence on positive affect or reactive irritability, Our results suggest that adolescents experience increases in withdrawal symptoms, smoking urges (un-cued and peak provoked), and negative affect (un-cued and peak provoked) after acute smoking abstinence, but do not experience the increases in reactive irritability or decreases in positive affect that have been shown in adult smokers. Overall findings support the withdrawal relief and negative reinforcement models of smoking maintenance in adolescents and point to withdrawal, urge, and negative affect as important targets for treatment.
引用
收藏
页码:457 / 464
页数:8
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