Endostapling the aberrant artery filled with embolized coils for intralobar pulmonary sequestration: a report of two cases

Intrapulmonary sequestration is a rare congenital bronchopulmonary malformation. Surgery is generally standard treatment, and thoracoscopic resection has been accepted recently. Some patients have inflammatory change of the sequestrated lung and adhesion to the adjacent organs. In those cases, it is difficult to identify the aberrant artery. In thoracoscopic surgery cases, fatal intraoperative hemorrhage from the aberrant artery has been reported. We describe two patients with infected intralobar pulmonary sequestration who were treated by endostapling the aberrant artery filled with embolized coils. A 28-year-old man who had complained of right back pain and high fever was admitted to our hospital. The chest computed tomography (CT) scan showed infected intralobar pulmonary sequestration with consolidation and fluid collection in the right lower lobe. An aberrant artery entered the consolidation from the celiac trunk. After coil embolization, thoracoscopic right lower lobectomy was performed with endostapling of the aberrant artery, which had a diameter of 10 mm and was filled with metallic coils. A 51-year-old woman who had complained of repeated pneumonia was admitted to our hospital. The chest CT scan showed infected intralobar pulmonary sequestration with consolidation and fluid collection in the basal segment of the right lower lobe. After coil embolization, thoracoscopic right lower lobectomy was performed with endostapling of the aberrant artery arising from the right inferior phrenic artery, which had a diameter of 5 mm and was filled with coils. Both patients' clinical courses were uneventful postoperatively. Pathological examinations confirmed intralobar pulmonary sequestration with pneumonia. Endostapling with coils for treating the aberrant artery in pulmonary sequestration is a simple and safe technique of thoracoscopic resection. A coil-embolized artery can be identified easily in the inflamed, scarred pulmonary ligament, and intraoperative bleeding from the aberrant artery can be prevented.