Sex differences in cognition in healthy elderly individuals

被引：121
|
作者：
Munro, Cynthia A. [1 ]
Winicki, Jessica M. [4 ]
Schretlen, David J. [1 ]
Gower, Emily W. [2 ]
Turano, Kathleen A. [3 ]
Munoz, Beatriz [2 ]
Keay, Lisa [6 ]
Bandeen-Roche, Karen [5 ]
West, Sheila K. [2 ]
机构：
[1] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA
[2] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dana Ctr Prevent Ophthalmol, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA
[3] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Wilmer Eye Inst, Lions Vis Ctr, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA
[4] Johns Hopkins Sch Nursing, Baltimore, MD USA
[5] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Baltimore, MD USA
[6] Univ Sydney, George Inst Global Hlth, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
来源：
AGING NEUROPSYCHOLOGY AND COGNITION | 2012年 / 19卷 / 06期
关键词：
Cognitive; Sex differences; Elderly; Organizational effects; Sexual dimorphism; MEN; TESTOSTERONE; PREVALENCE; WOMEN; PERFORMANCE; ADULTS; STATE; AGE;
D O I：
10.1080/13825585.2012.690366
中图分类号：
B844 [发展心理学（人类心理学）];
学科分类号：
040202 ;
摘要：
Sex differences in patterns of cognitive test performance have been attributed to factors, such as sex hormones or sexual dimorphisms in brain structure, that change with normal aging. The current study examined sex differences in patterns of cognitive test performance in healthy elderly individuals. Cognitive test scores of 957 men and women (age 67-89), matched for overall level of cognitive test performance, age, education, and depression scale score, were compared. Men and women were indistinguishable on tests of auditory divided attention, category fluency, and executive functioning. In contrast, women performed better than men on tests of psychomotor speed and verbal learning and memory, whereas men outperformed women on tests of visuoconstruction and visual perception. Our finding that the pattern of sex differences in cognition observed in young adults is observed in old age has implications for future studies of both healthy elderly individuals and of those with cognitive disorders.
引用
收藏
页码：759 / 768
页数：10
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