Contribution of Systematic Reviews to Management Decisions

被引:65
|
作者
Cook, Carly N. [1 ,2 ]
Possingham, Hugh P. [2 ]
Fuller, Richard A. [2 ]
机构
[1] Univ Melbourne, Sch Bot, Quantitat & Appl Ecol Grp, Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia
[2] Univ Queensland, Sch Biol Sci, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia
基金
澳大利亚研究理事会;
关键词
conservation management; conservation policy; decision making; environmental evidence; evidence-based conservation; implementation gap; brecha de implementacion; conservacion basada en evidencias; evidencia ambiental; manejo de conservacion; politica de conservacion; toma de decisiones; EVIDENCE-BASE; CONSERVATION-BIOLOGY; UNITED-KINGDOM; SCIENCE; INTERVENTIONS; INVERTEBRATES; METAANALYSIS; SENSITIVITY; ENGAGEMENT; GUIDELINES;
D O I
10.1111/cobi.12114
中图分类号
X176 [生物多样性保护];
学科分类号
090705 ;
摘要
Systematic reviews comprehensively summarize evidence about the effectiveness of conservation interventions. We investigated the contribution to management decisions made by this growing body of literature. We identified 43 systematic reviews of conservation evidence, 23 of which drew some concrete conclusions relevant to management. Most reviews addressed conservation interventions relevant to policy decisions; only 35% considered practical on-the-ground management interventions. The majority of reviews covered only a small fraction of the geographic and taxonomic breadth they aimed to address (median = 13% of relevant countries and 16% of relevant taxa). The likelihood that reviews contained at least some implications for management tended to increase as geographic coverage increased and to decline as taxonomic breadth increased. These results suggest the breadth of a systematic review requires careful consideration. Reviews identified a mean of 312 relevant primary studies but excluded 88% of these because of deficiencies in design or a failure to meet other inclusion criteria. Reviews summarized on average 284 data sets and 112 years of research activity, yet the likelihood that their results had at least some implications for management did not increase as the amount of primary research summarized increased. In some cases, conclusions were elusive despite the inclusion of hundreds of data sets and years of cumulative research activity. Systematic reviews are an important part of the conservation decision making tool kit, although we believe the benefits of systematic reviews could be significantly enhanced by increasing the number of reviews focused on questions of direct relevance to on-the-ground managers; defining a more focused geographic and taxonomic breadth that better reflects available data; including a broader range of evidence types; and appraising the cost-effectiveness of interventions. Contribuciones de las Revisiones Sistematicas a las Decisiones de Manejo Resumen Las revisiones sistematicas resumen integralmente la evidencia sobre la efectividad de las intervenciones de conservacion. Investigamos la contribucion de las decisiones de manejo hechas por este creciente cuerpo de literatura. Identificamos 43 revisiones sistematicas de evidencia de conservacion, 23 de las cuales hicieron algunas conclusiones concretas relevantes al manejo. La mayoria de las revisiones se dirigian a intervenciones de conservacion relevantes a las decisiones politicas; solo el 35% consideraba intervenciones de manejo sobre-la-causa practicas. La mayoria de las revisiones cubrieron solo una pequena fraccion de la amplitud geografica y taxonomica a la que buscaban dirigirse (mediana = 13% de los paises relevantes y 16% de los taxones relevantes). La probabilidad de que las revisiones tuvieran por lo menos algunas implicaciones para el manejo tendio a incrementar conforme la cobertura geografica incrementaba y a declinar conforme aumentaba la amplitud taxonomica. Estos resultados sugieren que la amplitud de una revision taxonomica requiere de una consideracion cuidadosa. Las revisiones identificaron una media de 312 estudios primarios relevantes pero excluyeron 88% de estos por deficiencias en el diseno o fallas para coincidir con otros criterios de inclusion. Las revisiones resumieron en promedio 248 juegos de datos y 112 anos de actividad de investigacion, pero la probabilidad de que sus resultados tuvieran por lo menos algunas implicaciones para el manejo no incrementaron mientras la cantidad de investigacion primaria resumida aumentaba. En algunos casos, las conclusiones fueron elusivas a pesar de la inclusion de cientos de conjuntos de datos y anos de actividad de investigacion acumulada. Las revisiones sistematicas son una parte importante del juego de herramientas en la toma de decisiones de conservacion, aunque consideramos que los beneficios de las revisiones sistematicas podrian ser mejorados significativamente al incrementar el numero de revisiones centradas en preguntas con relevancia directa a administradores sobre-la-causa; definiendo una amplitud geografica y taxonomica mas enfocada que reflejo los datos disponibles; incluyendo un rango mas amplio de tipos de evidencia; y evaluando la efectividad de costo de las intervenciones.
引用
收藏
页码:902 / 915
页数:14
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