Role of Paraoxonase-1 (Q192R) Gene Polymorphism in Coronary Artery Disease in Saudi Arabian Population

OBJECTIVES: To assess the prevalence and dissemination of PON1 Q192R polymorphism and PON1 activities in CAD patients and controls. METHODOLOGY: A case control study, conducted from October 2016 to December 2017. Seventy angiographically confirmed Saudi CAD subjects and 52 healthy individuals were selected in this study. Frequencies of the PON1 gene was done by polymerase chain reaction- restriction fragment length polymorphism technique. Enzyme PON1 activity was estimated by method and using phenyl acetate as substrate. Chi-square and multiple linear regression analyzes was done to determine the odds ratio (OR) for development of CAD. RESULTS: The PON1 192 RR genotype was observed to be predominant among CAD patients compared to healthy control group members. There was a 2.52 fold increase in the threat of CAD patients in the PON1 RR genotype when contrast to QQ genotype (OR=2.520, 1.018-6.242). Drastically decreased activity of enzyme PON1 was found in CAD patients compared to controls (89.9 vs 128.5 U/l). In the multinomial analysis, the Odds ratio for PON1 192 RR genotype is 2.70, p<0.001. CONCLUSION: The study presented that significant relationship among PON1 192 RR genotype and decreased serum PON1 activity might be an effective key risk factor for atherosclerotic heart disease. We suggest that assessing of the PON1 levels can be used as a reliable biochemical marker in the diagnostic tool for cardiovascular disease.