Convergent Evolution of Boats with Sails

被引：4
|
作者：
Bejan, A. [1 ]
Ferber, L. [2 ]
Lorente, S. [3 ]
机构：
[1] Duke Univ, Dept Mech Engn & Mat Sci, Box 90300, Durham, NC 27708 USA
[2] Lockheed Martin Space, 12257 South Wadsworth Blvd, Littleton, CO 80125 USA
[3] Villanova Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Villanova, PA 19085 USA
来源：
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS | 2020年 / 10卷 / 01期
关键词：
PEDESTRIAN DYNAMICS LOCOMOTION; CONSTRUCTAL LAW; ADRIAN BEJAN; SELF-ORGANIZATION; WALKING PATHS; FLOW SYSTEMS; DESIGN; PHYSICS; EMERGENCE; PRINCIPLE;
D O I：
10.1038/s41598-020-58940-5
中图分类号：
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号：
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要：
This article unveils the geometric characteristics of boats with sails of many sizes, covering the range 10(2)-10(5) kg. Data from one hundred boat models are collected and tabulated. The data show distinct trends of convergent evolution across the entire range of sizes, namely: (i) the proportionality between beam and draft, (ii) the proportionality between overall boat length and beam, and (iii) the proportionality between mast height and overall boat length. The review shows that the geometric aspect ratios (i)-(iii) are predictable from the physics of evolution toward architectures that offer greater flow access through the medium.
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收藏
页数：10
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