Multiple model-based detection and estimation scheme for gas turbine sensor and gas path fault simultaneous diagnosis

In this paper, a multiple model (MM)-based detection and estimation scheme for gas turbine sensor and gas path fault diagnosis is proposed, which overcomes the coupling effects between sensor faults and gas path faults, and simultaneously realizes an accurate diagnosis of sensor and gas path faults. First, an adaptive fault detection and isolation (FDI) framework based on the MM method was established to detect and isolate sensor faults and gas path faults. Then, a fault amplitude estimation method was proposed according to the FDI results, and a fault validation method based on the Chi-square test was proposed to confirm the actual fault. Finally, hardware in the loop (HIL) simulation platform was established to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method. Several simulation case studies were conducted based on a two-shaft marine gas turbine with common gas path faults and sensor faults. The simulation results show that the proposed method can accurately diagnose the fault and estimate the corresponding fault amplitude when both the sensor fault and the gas path fault coincide.