Preserving fertility in patients with granulosa cell tumors of the ovary

Granulosa cell tumors of the ovary are rare ovarian neoplasms developing from ovarian stromal cells. They are characterized by insidious growth, low malignancy potential, and late recurrence. Due to the production of estrogen by these tumors, the frequent symptoms that occur in these patients develop as a result of hyperestrogenism. Standard treatment involves surgery in all patients. Fertility-sparing surgery is considered safe in young patients only in case of early-stage IA and IC tumors, where it is necessary to perform a unilateral salpingo-oophorectomy and complete staging. Surgical staging includes peritoneal washing, multiple peritoneal biopsies, omental biopsy, and biopsy of any suspicious area.