Transformation of Social Care Services for the Elderly in Slovakia

The main objective of this article is to present a theoretical framework for the relevant historical, economic, demographic, and political factors influencing the transformation of social care services for the elderly in Slovakia. A major restructuring of the social care services for the elderly is necessitated by the aging of the Slovak population (demographic reason), the path dependency of the current Slovak elderly care system (historical reason), the growing purchasing power of older people and the general population (economic reason), and new requirements formulated by the European Union and the general public (political reason). Historical documents, legislative acts, strategic documents, international project documents, and statistics were reviewed, and 34 open-ended interviews within the framework of two case studies were carried out in order to obtain qualitative and quantitative data. The theoretical framework and the results based on those interviews indicate that the Slovak social care service for the elderly may turn out to become more similar to the advanced Central European systems, but also that prompt legislative and financial changes are required. Nevertheless, the future direction can only be more precisely identified when more case studies can be compared with one another.