Overview of Current Progress in Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy for Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma

被引:3
|
作者
Dai, Xinlun [1 ]
Wang, Shupeng [1 ]
Niu, Chunyuan [1 ]
Ji, Bai [1 ]
Liu, Yahui [1 ]
机构
[1] First Hosp Jilin Univ, Dept Hepatobiliary & Pancreat Surg, 1 Xinmin St, Changchun 130021, Jilin, Peoples R China
基金
中国国家自然科学基金;
关键词
hepatocellular carcinoma; immune checkpoint inhibitor; PD-1; PD-L1; CTLA-4; nivolumab; tremelimumab; TUMOR MUTATIONAL BURDEN; CD8(+) T-CELL; CANCER-IMMUNOTHERAPY; PD-1; PATHWAYS; BLOCKADE; EXPRESSION; EFFECTOR; FUTURE; CTLA-4; TIM-3;
D O I
10.1177/1533033820947486
中图分类号
R73 [肿瘤学];
学科分类号
100214 ;
摘要
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains to a common cause of tumor mortality worldwide and represents the most common type of lethal hepatic malignancy. The incidence of HCC is swiftly increasing in western countries and southeast Asia. Despite poor prognosis, traditional treatments for advanced HCC appear to be minimally effective or even useless since patients are usually diagnosed in the advanced stage of disease. In recent years, immune checkpoint blockade has shown promising results in multiple pre-clinical and clinical trials of different solid tumors, including advanced HCC. Novel drugs targeting immune checkpoints, such as nivolumab (anti-PD-1), durvalumab (anti-PD-L1), and tremelimumab (anti-CTLA-4) have been shown to be highly effective and relatively safe in monotherapy or in combination treatment of advanced liver cancer. Unlike other immunotherapies, this approach can rouse human anti-tumor immunity by relieving T-cell exhaustion and inhibiting the evasion of HCC by blocking co-inhibitory signaling transduction accurately. In this review, we will provide current knowledge of several major immune checkpoints and summarize recent data from clinical trials that applied immune checkpoint inhibitors alone or in combination. In addition, this review will discuss the limitations and future prospective of immune checkpoint-targeted therapy for advanced HCC.
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页数:10
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