A preliminary study of reconstruction of the monkey temporomandibular joint with autogenous tissues

Purpose: This study investigated the ability of autogenous pericranium-muscle and cranial bone to restore form and function of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). Materials and Methods: A right TMJ discectomy, condylectomy, vertical ramus osteotomy with superior repositioning of the proximal fragment, and a cranial bone graft to the mandibular angle were performed in 12 cynomologous monkeys, Clinical, histologic, and autoradiographic evaluation was done at intervals beginning at 3 days and continuing up to 78 weeks. Results: No significant postoperative sequela were identified in any of the monkeys, Jaw mobility and function were restored. Gross morphologic condylar changes were observed. The pericranium-muscle grafts did not differentiate into normal disc-like structures and a cartilage cap did not cover the condyle stump head. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that the previous TMJ function was restored, However, the histologic changes observed were consistent with advanced degenerative joint disease.