Performance Comparisons of Closed-loop Supply Chains with Different Game Patterns

In the light of closed-loop supply chains composed of a manufacturer and two retailers, where retailers indirectly collect used products, the impact of the decision rights leadership on the efficiency is examined using three models, based on game theory. When retailers break the decision-making authority equilibrium, and one retailer has order decision priority, the optimal profit of the retailers and manufacturer and the collect effort coefficient are all improved; the optimal profit of the whole supply chains, the consumer surplus and social welfares are also the biggest; therefore, the whole performance of supply chains is the best and thus social efficiency is the highest.