Coordination of generation, transmission and reactive power sources expansion planning with high penetration of wind power

High penetration of renewable energy is one of the important feature of future power systems. However, the randomness and intermittence of renewable energy have brought new challenges to planners. To accommodate the uncertainty and variability of wind power, an innovative scenario-based stochastic model that incorporates generation, transmission, and reactive power planning is presented, considering spinning reserve, unit ramp rate, and current output of units. To consider reactive power flow and voltage, a second-order cone programming model based on relaxed AC optimal power flow is introduced. Moreover, unit status and optimal transmission switching are implemented to promote wind consumption, reduce congestion, and attain a more flexible topology. The proposed methodology organically combines operational constraints with planning issues. Finally, two modified test systems with high wind power integration are utilized to illustrate the effectiveness of the presented model.