Long-term outcomes of ulcerative interstitial cystitis after complete transurethral resection with therapeutic hydrodistention

Purpose We analyzed the long-term efficacy of simultaneous transurethral resection (TUR) and therapeutic hydrodistention in patients with ulcerative interstitial cystitis (IC) who did not experience recurrence on long-term follow-up. Methods We studied 132 female patients (mean age = 56.45 +/- 11.56 years) who underwent TUR followed by hydrodistention to treat ulcerative IC between January 2010 and January 2017, and who were available for follow-up, for more than 36 months (mean = 52.3 +/- 10.51 months). Of the 132 patients, those who did not suffer recurrence within 36 months after surgery were allocated to group I and those who had a recurrence within the same period were assigned to group II. Preoperative factors, including age, were compared between the groups. In group I, improvements in pain and voiding symptoms were recorded using a 10-point visual analog pain scale (VAS) and a 3-day micturition chart. A global response assessment (GRA) was used to evaluate patient satisfaction. Results In group II, the maximum functional bladder capacity (FBC) was smaller, and voiding frequency was higher, than in group I. Follow-up of patients in group I for more than 3 years showed that pain decreased after surgery. The 10-point VAS scores were 9.68 before surgery, and 1.54, 0.93, 0.55, and 0.46 at 1, 6, 12, and 36 months after surgery (p < 0.001), respectively. Maximum FBCs were 174.82 mL before surgery and 237.14, 250.71, and 254.46 mL at 1, 12, and 36 months after surgery (p < 0.001), respectively; thus, FBC increased after surgery. Urination frequency decreased significantly after surgery; the number of daily urinations was 12.77 before surgery, and 9.88, 9.21, and 9.25 at 1, 12, and 36 months after surgery (p < 0.001), respectively. Overall patient satisfaction improved after surgery; the GRA scores were 2.39, 2.71, and 2.8 points at 1, 12, and 36 months after surgery (p < 0.001), respectively. Conclusion Upon simultaneous performance of TUR and therapeutic hydrodistention in patients with ulcerative IC, 49.2% showed favorable outcomes for 3 years.