Role of Explorative Laparoscopy to Evaluate Optimal Candidates for Cytoreductive Surgery and Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy (HIPEC) in Patients with Peritoneal Mesothelioma

Background: Prognosis of peritoneal mesothelioma (PM) treated by cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) is closely related to the completeness of the surgical cytoreduction. The reliability of explorative laparoscopy (EL) in selecting patients with PM amenable to optimal combined treatment has never been specifically, assessed. Patients and Methods: Thirty-three patients with PM underwent EL before CRS and closed-abdomen HIPEC with cisplatin and doxorubicin. EL effectiveness in predicting complete cytoreduction (residual tumour nodules <= 2.5 mm) was analyzed. Results: At EL, peritoneal involvement was considered amenable to complete CRS in 30 out of 33 patients (91%). In this group, cytoreduction was complete in 29 patients and incomplete in one. Three patients were judged not amenable to complete CRS and subsequently were not able to undergo complete cytoreduction. Conclusion: EL findings can integrate clinical and radiological information in the selection process of patients with PM for combined treatment.