Frequency of Surgical Correction for Maxillary Hypoplasia in Cleft Lip and Palate

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of surgical correction of maxillary hypoplasia in individuals with nonsyndromic cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) treated at the Center for Craniofacial Anomalies at University of California, San Francisco (UCSF). Subjects: This is a retrospective cohort study of individuals with cleft lip and/or palate born between 1970 and 1990 who were treated at the UCSF Center for Craniofacial Anomalies. Data were gathered from the UCSF Craniofacial Anomalies Filemaker Pro database. Methods: From the database, we collected the following information: age, gender, cleft type, date of orthognathic surgery, and type of osteotomy. The subjects were further subcategorized by cleft type and gender. Results: A total of 973 individuals with a diagnosis of cleft lip and/or palate were reviewed: 325 subjects had an associated syndrome and 648 were nonsyndromic. A total of 59 of these 648 nonsyndromic cleft individuals (9.1%) required surgical intervention for correction of maxillary hypoplasia: 2/105 (1.9%) for cleft lip, 4/122 (3.3%) for cleft palate, 35/286 (12.2%) for unilateral cleft lip and palate, and 18/135 (13.3%) for bilateral cleft lip and palate. Conclusions: The frequency of surgical correction for maxillary hypoplasia in cleft individuals at UCSF Center for Craniofacial Anomalies at 9% was lower than the reported average of 25%.