Visualization of cathode spot control using laser irradiation and oxide addition in wire arc additive manufacturing of titanium alloys

被引:2
|
作者
Lee, Tae Hyun [1 ,2 ]
Kim, Cheolhee [1 ,3 ]
Oh, Je Hoon [2 ]
Kam, Dong Hyuck [1 ]
机构
[1] Korea Inst Ind Technol, Joining R&D Grp, Incheon 21999, South Korea
[2] Hanyang Univ, Dept Mech Design Engn, Seoul 04763, South Korea
[3] Portland State Univ, Dept Mech & Mat Engn, Portland, OR 97207 USA
关键词
Ti alloy; arc additive manufacturing; cathode spot; laser irradiation; oxide;
D O I
10.2351/7.0000738
中图分类号
T [工业技术];
学科分类号
08 ;
摘要
Arc instability is one of the most critical problems in gas-metal-arc (GMA) based wire arc additive manufacturing of titanium (Ti) alloys. It can result in a poor bead surface, surface oxidation, and spattering. In particular, the relocation of the cathode spot area is the main cause of big spatters because of the high thermal energy of the molten droplet at the molten pool surface. In this study, two cathode spot control techniques were applied using auxiliary laser heating and prelaid oxides, and the behaviors of the cathode spots and arc were visualized using high-speed photography. When the laser beam was irradiated in front of the GMA, a cathode spot was formed at the laser irradiation position, and the cathode jet did not interfere with the arc plasma and droplet transfer from the GMA. However, when the distance between the GMA and the laser irradiation position increased by more than 8 mm, multiple cathode spots were established, and spattering increased. The prelaid Ti oxide particles increased the metal deposition efficiency by establishing multiple and dispersed cathode spots rather than a concentrated cathode spot by droplet impingement. It was found that the volumetric transfer efficiencies (excluding spattering) for the laser-assisted control and Ti oxide powder were up to 99.87% and 91.2%, respectively.
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页数:9
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