Associations Between Perceived Parental Physical Activity and Aerobic Fitness in Schoolchildren

Background: Parental behavior is an important correlate of child health. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between perceived parental physical activity (PA) and schoolchildren's aerobic fitness. Methods: English schoolchildren's (n = 4029, 54% boys, 10.0-15.9 yrs) fitness was assessed by 20 m shuttle run test and categorized using criterion-referenced standards. Parental PA was reported by the child. Results: Boys and girls were more likely to be fit (OR 1.4, 95% CI 1.1-1.8; OR 1.5, 95% CI 1.1-2.0; respectively) if at least 1 parent was perceived as active compared with when neither parents were. Girls were even more likely to be fit (OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.2-2.8) if both parents were active. Associations between parental PA and child fitness were generally stronger when parent and child were of the same gender, although girls with active fathers were more likely (OR 2.5, 95% CI 1.7-3.7) to be fit compared with inactive fathers. Conclusion: Schoolchildren perceiving at least 1 parent as active are more likely to meet health-related fitness standards. Underlying mechanisms remain elusive, but same-gender associations suggest that social rather than genetic factors are of greater importance. Targeting parental PA or at least perceptions of parental PA should be given consideration in interventions aiming to improve child health.