Radiological assessment of the Ribble Estuary .3. Redistribution of radionuclides

被引:7
|
作者
Mudge, SM
Assinder, DJ
Bourne, GS
机构
[1] School of Ocean Sciences, University of Wales, Menai Bridge
关键词
D O I
10.1016/S0265-931X(96)00075-6
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
The Ribble Estuary in the UK is contaminated by radionuclides derived from BNFL Sellafield and Springfield. Following the temporary shutdown of the Springfields plant, beta dose and gamma air kerma rates were measured at a range of sites in the estuary. Sediment surface samples were analysed for Cs-137, Pa-234m, Th-234 and Am-241 activity concentrations by gamma spectrometry, Th-230 and Pu isotopes by alpha spectrometry and sediment grain size (percentage <63 mu m) by wet sieving. Temporal variations in Springfields-derived radionuclides are explained by variations in discharges by radionuclides and the distribution of fine grained sediments in the estuary which is controlled mainly by the spring-neap tidal cycle and river runoff. Radionuclide dynamics, modelling variations in the Th-234/Cs-137 activity concentration ratio and calculating environmental beta dose rate and Th-234 half-lives allow the estuary to be split into three areas: (a) upper estuary where fine grained sediments tend to be deposited during periods of low and average river flow; (b) middle reaches of the estuary which encompass most of the main channel sites where fine grained sediments are probably deposited and removed on most tides; (c) outer estuary including large areas of salt marshes which tend to accumulate fine grained sediment. This is confirmed by similar results derived from the Th-234/(239,240) Pu ratio. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Limited.
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页码:43 / 67
页数:25
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