GEOPHYSICAL METHODS - POSSIBILITIES FOR DEFINING COMPACTNESS AND PHYSICO-MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ROCKS

This paper presents the possibilities of the geophysical methods for determination of the physical and mechanical characteristics of the rocks. Geophysical investigations are measurements of the physical parameters (resistivity, spreading velocity of seismic waves, density, magnetism, water permeability etc.) in order to understand the structure and lithological features of the rock masses. Refraction and reflective seismic investigations are based on determination of the seismic wave velocity. There is direct connection between Vp and Vs and the location of the fractured zones in the rock masses. Electrical methods make it possible to define or separate compact from fractured zones of the rock complexes according the electrical properties of the environment. The difference between electrical properties of the individual materials and rocks in the area enabled the use of geoelectrical methods to define the contact zones between various lithological structures. Today, there are modern geophysical methods (e.g. geo-radar) with greater possibilities for exploration of the rock masses even at small depth.