Incorporating a Canopy Parameterization within a Coupled Fire-Atmosphere Model to Improve a Smoke Simulation for a Prescribed Burn

被引:19
|
作者
Mallia, Derek, V [1 ]
Kochanski, Adam K. [1 ,2 ]
Urbanski, Shawn P. [3 ]
Mandel, Jan [4 ]
Farguell, Angel [4 ]
Krueger, Steven K. [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Utah, Dept Atmospher Sci, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA
[2] San Jose State Univ, Dept Meteorol & Climate Sci, San Jose, CA 95192 USA
[3] US Forest Serv, Missoula Fire Sci Lab, Missoula, MT 59808 USA
[4] Univ Colorado, Dept Math & Stat Sci, Denver, CO 80204 USA
关键词
wildland fire; smoke modeling; coupled-fire atmosphere model; canopy winds; SOUTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; SURFACE FUEL; WESTERN US; CLIMATE; EMISSIONS; SYSTEM;
D O I
10.3390/atmos11080832
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
Forecasting fire growth, plume rise and smoke impacts on air quality remains a challenging task. Wildland fires dynamically interact with the atmosphere, which can impact fire behavior, plume rises, and smoke dispersion. For understory fires, the fire propagation is driven by winds attenuated by the forest canopy. However, most numerical weather prediction models providing meteorological forcing for fire models are unable to resolve canopy winds. In this study, an improved canopy model parameterization was implemented within a coupled fire-atmosphere model (WRF-SFIRE) to simulate a prescribed burn within a forested plot. Simulations with and without a canopy wind model were generated to determine the sensitivity of fire growth, plume rise, and smoke dispersion to canopy effects on near-surface wind flow. Results presented here found strong linkages between the simulated fire rate of spread, heat release and smoke plume evolution. The standard WRF-SFIRE configuration, which uses a logarithmic interpolation to estimate sub-canopy winds, overestimated wind speeds (by a factor 2), fire growth rates and plume rise heights. WRF-SFIRE simulations that implemented a canopy model based on a non-dimensional wind profile, saw significant improvements in sub-canopy winds, fire growth rates and smoke dispersion when evaluated with observations.
引用
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页数:16
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