Based on recent guidelines, the present paper gives an overview on diagnosis and current therapeutic measures, particularly in childhood atopic eczema. Included are measures of basic therapy, anti-inflammatory therapy (glucocorticosteroids, calcineurin inhibitors), antibacterial and causal therapy as well as prevention and education. All these measures should be adapted to the individual needs of each patient. Atopic eczema cannot be cured, but - using all therapeutic measures - can be brought to a state that is tolerable by patients and parents.