Design and synthesis of HIV-1 protease inhibitors for a long-acting injectable drug application

被引:10
|
作者
Kesteleyn, Bart [1 ]
Amssoms, Katie [1 ]
Schepens, Wim [1 ]
Hache, Geerwin [1 ]
Verschueren, Wim [1 ]
Van De Vreken, Wim [1 ]
Rombauts, Klara [1 ]
Meurs, Greet [1 ]
Sterkens, Patrick [1 ]
Stoops, Bart [1 ]
Baert, Lieven [1 ]
Austin, Nigel [1 ]
Wegner, Jorg [1 ]
Masungi, Chantal [1 ]
Dierynck, Inge [1 ]
Lundgren, Stina [2 ]
Jonsson, Daniel [2 ]
Parkes, Kevin [2 ]
Kalayanov, Genadiy [2 ]
Wallberg, Hans [2 ]
Rosenquist, Asa [2 ]
Samuelsson, Bertil [2 ]
Van Emelen, Kristof [1 ]
Thuring, Jan Willem [1 ]
机构
[1] Janssen Infect Dis, B-2340 Beerse, Belgium
[2] Medivir AB, SE-14122 Huddinge, Sweden
关键词
HIV/AIDS; HIV Protease; Protease inhibitor; Long-acting formulation; Nanosuspension; HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; HYDROXYETHYLENE DIPEPTIDE ISOSTERES; POTENT; THERAPY; ANALOGS;
D O I
10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.10.095
中图分类号
R914 [药物化学];
学科分类号
100701 ;
摘要
The design and synthesis of novel HIV-1 protease inhibitors (PIs) (1-22), which display high potency against HIV-1 wild-type and multi-PI-resistant HIV-mutant clinical isolates, is described. Lead optimization was initiated from compound 1, a Phe-Phe hydroxyethylene peptidomimetic PI, and was directed towards the discovery of new PIs suitable for a long-acting (LA) injectable drug application. Introducing a heterocyclic 6-methoxy-3-pyridinyl or a 6-(dimethylamino)-3-pyridinyl moiety (R-3) at the para-position of the P1' benzyl fragment generated compounds with antiviral potency in the low single digit nanomolar range. Halogenation or alkylation of the metabolic hot spots on the various aromatic rings resulted in PIs with high stability against degradation in human liver microsomes and low plasma clearance in rats. Replacing the chromanolamine moiety (R-1) in the P2 protease binding site by a cyclopentanolamine or a cyclohexanolamine derivative provided a series of high clearance PIs (16-22) with EC(50)s on wildtype HIV-1 in the range of 0.8-1.8 nM. PIs 18 and 22, formulated as nanosuspensions, showed gradual but sustained and complete release from the injection site over two months in rats, and were therefore identified as interesting candidates for a LA injectable drug application for treating HIV/AIDS. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:310 / 317
页数:8
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