Function-preserving treatment of orbital space-occupying lesions

The entire spectrum of benign and malignant tumors can also occur in the orbit. Different surgical approaches are used depending on the extent and anatomical location of the neoplasm. In cases of inferior and/or anterior localization of the tumor, minimally invasive orbitotomy is often sufficient. Lesions located intraconally and in the posterior third of the orbit often require more complex operative approaches. The aim of surgical interventions for benign tumors is the complete removal of the orbital space-occupying lesion, with maximum protection of internal structures and preservation of function. The navigation-guided localization of intraorbital lesions is problematic due to the soft tissue displacement of tumors not fixed to bone. Nevertheless, computer-assisted navigation can be helpful to plan and perform osteotomy, especially when the bony anatomy has been altered. Navigation is nowadays indispensable in cases where the tumor localization is defined and fixed to the orbital walls or the adjacent paranasal sinuses.