Biochemical and nutritional markers and antioxidant activity in metabolic syndrome

Background and objectives: (1) Nutritional assessment of the diet followed by patients with metabolic syndrome and (2) biochemical analysis of the oxidation-reduction level in patients with metabolic syndrome. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in patients with metabolic syndrome in Murcia. Fifty-three patients, 33 with and 20 without (control group) metabolic syndrome, were selected. The intervention consisted of completion of a recall survey and a test to nutritionally assess dietary intake. Anthropometric and laboratory variables, including those related to antioxidant activity, were also tested. Results: Antioxidant activity was within normal limits in both groups (1.7 +/- 0.2 mmol/L in the control group and 1.8 +/- 0.1 mmol/L in the metabolic syndrome group) (NS). Superoxide dismutase levels were not significantly different between the groups. Mean glutathione reductase levels (U/L) were higher in the control group when compared to patients with metabolic syndrome (p<0.05). With regard to oxidative stress biomarkers, mean isoprostane levels were higher in the control group (4.9 +/- 6.2 ng/mL) than in the metabolic syndrome patients (3.5 +/- 3.9 ng/mL) (p<0.05). Oxidized LDL values tended to be higher in metabolic syndrome patients (96 +/- 23.2 U/L) when compared to the control group (86.2 +/- 17.3 U/L), but differences were not significant. Conclusions: There is a trend to a poorer nutritional and biochemical profile in patients with metabolic syndrome, who also tend to have a greater degree of oxidative stress. (C) 2013 SEEN. Published by Elsevier Espana, S.L. All rights reserved.