Particle nucleation in high solids nitroxide mediated emulsion polymerization of n-butyl acrylate with a difunctional alkoxyamine initiator

In this work, we seek to understand the nature of the relationship between increasing alkoxyamine initiator concentration and increasing particle size for the SG1-mediated, two stage emulsion polymerization of n-butyl acrylate. Using a difunctional alkoxyamine, based upon the commercially available BlocBuilder MA, we studied the impact of various factors on the particle size in the 1st stage (particle nucleation) of the polymerization; these include ionic strength, pH, buffer (type and concentration) and surfactant concentration. The results suggest that superswelling of the particles during nucleation has significant influence on the behaviour of the system. In applying these strategies, we demonstrate that colloidally stable latexes can be created at 45 wt% solids with molecular weight >70 kg mol(-1).