Helminths of ten species of Litoria frogs (Anura: Hylidae) from Papua New Guinea

One hundred and ninety-one frogs collected in Papua New Guinea from 10 species of the genus Litoria, namely, L.angiana, L.arfakiana, L.caerulea, L.congenita, L.eurynastes, L.gasconi, L.infrafrenata, L.iris, L.kumae and L.modica, were examined for helminths. Eighteen species of helminths were found: one species of Monogenea, Parapolystoma bulliense; three species of Digenea, Diplodiscus amphichrus, Halipegus zweifeli and Mesocoelium monas; 13 species of Nematoda, gravid specimens of Aplectana macintoshii, Cosmocerca novaeguineae, Falcaustra papuensis, Maxvachonia adamsoni, Maxvachonia flindersi, Maxvachonia ingens, Meteterakis crombiei, Moaciria moraveci, Parathelandros mastigurus, Physalopteroides milnensis, Pseudorictularia dipsarilis, Seuratascaris numidica, and larvae (in cysts) of Abbreviata sp. and, one species of Acanthocephala, Pseudoacanthocephalus bufonis. Mean number of helminth species per host species was 3.0 +/- 1.4 SD (range 1-5), mean number of helminth species per infected frog was 1.1 +/- 0.4 SD (range 1-2), and mean number of helminths per infected host was 33.3 +/- 5.8 SD (range 1-36). Twenty-eight new host records and two new locality records are reported. The biogeography of the recovered helminths is discussed.