A review of the nature of magmatism in central Anatolia during the Mesozoic post-collisional period

Magmatism in central Anatolia is characterized by petrographically and chemically distinct granitic and syenitic rocks. The granitic magmatism comprises C-type (crustal-derived) and H-type (hybrid) monzogranites and monzonites. Garnet-bearing C-type leucogranites represent the oldest magmatic phase, but younger hornblende +/- biotite +/- K-feldspar H-type plutons dominate the geology of the Central Anatolian Crystalline Complex (CACC). These typically include mafic microgranular enclaves. The granitic magmatism predates syenitic intrusions, among which quartz-bearing syenites were emplaced prior to feldspathoid-bearing ones. The nature of magmatism in central Anatolia varies through time from peraluminous to metaluminous to alkaline. These different magma types reflect distinct stages of post-collisional magmatism, in which interaction between crust and mantle varied considerably. The C-type granites of the early stages of post-collisional magmatism were likely derived by partial melting of the lower continental crust induced by mafic magma underplating as a result of lithospheric delamination. The H-type granites and syenites of the mature and advanced stages of post-collisional magmatism indicate a significant contribution from mantle-derived magma within a continuous or episodic extensional tectonic regime.