Accident Earth Model for Construction Accident Causation

Safety management parts can be classified into safety hardware and safety software. To achieve a desired safety level, improving both parts is required. The current safety management, however, is conducted focusing mainly on safety hardware, not safety software. In order to conduct balanced safety management, an accident causation model reflecting both safety management parts is a requisite. This paper presents a new accident causation model named 'Accident Earth Model (AEM).' AEM considers worker's human errors as the main triggering factor of accidents and deals with the paths related with the human errors as the main accident causation. In AEM, 'Accident Earth' represents a system of factors affecting accidents. The model provides three safety management strategies: (1) to provide information which can induce a worker to act safely, (2) to apply multiple safety management methods, and (3) to investigate and improve deficiencies of each safety management method. AEM contributes to a better understanding of safety software and how to manage it.