Self-Reported Cultural Competence of Nurses Providing Nursing Care in Slovakia

Purpose The goals of this study were to determine and evaluate the perception of cultural competence of nurses in the Slovak healthcare system, identify factors that influence their perception, and ascertain opportunities to improve nurses' cultural competence. Design Cross-sectional nonexperimental study. Methods Nurses from Slovakia were surveyed in this cross-sectional study using the standardized Cultural Competency Assessment (CCA) questionnaire. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS version 22 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). Results In total, 267 nurses responded. Only 28% perceived themselves as very culturally competent to care for people from other cultures. Over 68% received no diversity training. Age (p< .011) and prior diversity training (p< .006) were significantly associated with culturally competent behavior (CCB). A significant relationship (r= 0.17;p< .015) was also confirmed between the self-reported CCA and CCB. Conclusions Culturally competent care is a professional imperative. The ability to deliver high-quality, culturally congruent care may be enhanced by cultural diversity education and training. Further research is needed to identify other influences on cultural competency and the impact on patient care and outcomes. Clinical Relevance There is a need for nurses to enhance their knowledge and skills related to cultural competency, awareness, sensitivity, and behaviors. Education and training contribute to nurses' ability to provide high-quality, culturally competent nursing care to patients from different cultures, and may possibly contribute to decreased health disparities.