Air quality implications of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill

被引：66

作者：

Middlebrook, Ann M. ^{[1
]}

Murphy, Daniel M. ^{[1
]}

Ahmadov, Ravan ^{[1
,2
]}

Atlas, Elliot L. ^{[3
]}

Bahreini, Roya ^{[1
,2
]}

Blake, Donald R. ^{[4
,5
]}

Brioude, Jerome ^{[1
,2
]}

de Gouw, Joost A. ^{[1
,2
]}

Fehsenfeld, Fred C. ^{[1
,2
]}

Frost, Gregory J. ^{[1
,2
]}

Holloway, John S. ^{[1
,2
]}

Lack, Daniel A. ^{[1
,2
]}

Langridge, Justin M. ^{[1
,2
]}

Lueb, Rich A. ^{[6
]}

McKeen, Stuart A. ^{[1
,2
]}

Meagher, James F. ^{[1
]}

Meinardi, Simone ^{[4
,5
]}

Neuman, J. Andrew ^{[1
,2
]}

Nowak, John B. ^{[1
,2
]}

Parrish, David D. ^{[1
]}

Peischl, Jeff ^{[1
,2
]}

Perring, Anne E. ^{[1
,2
]}

Pollack, Ilana B. ^{[1
,2
]}

Roberts, James M. ^{[1
]}

Ryerson, Thomas B. ^{[1
]}

Schwarz, Joshua P. ^{[1
,2
]}

Spackman, J. Ryan ^{[1
,2
]}

Warneke, Carsten ^{[1
,2
]}

Ravishankara, A. R. ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] NOAA, Div Chem Sci, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA

[2] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA

[3] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Miami, FL 33149 USA

[4] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Chem, Irvine, CA 92697 USA

[5] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Earth Syst Sci, Irvine, CA 92697 USA

[6] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Div Atmospher Chem, Boulder, CO 80307 USA

来源：

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | 2012年 / 109卷 / 50期

基金：

美国国家科学基金会;

关键词：

CRUDE-OIL; EMISSIONS; PARTICLE;

D O I：

10.1073/pnas.1110052108

中图分类号：

O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];

学科分类号：

07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;

摘要：

During the Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil spill, a wide range of gas and aerosol species were measured from an aircraft around, downwind, and away from the DWH site. Additional hydrocarbon measurements were made from ships in the vicinity. Aerosol particles of respirable sizes were on occasions a significant air quality issue for populated areas along the Gulf Coast. Yields of organic aerosol particles and emission factors for other atmospheric pollutants were derived for the sources from the spill, recovery, and cleanup efforts. Evaporation and subsequent secondary chemistry produced organic particulate matter with a mass yield of 8 +/- 4% of the oil mixture reaching the water surface. Approximately 4% by mass of oil burned on the surface was emitted as soot particles. These yields can be used to estimate the effects on air quality for similar events as well as for this spill at other times without these data. Whereas emission of soot from burning surface oil was large during the episodic burns, the mass flux of secondary organic aerosol to the atmosphere was substantially larger overall. We use a regional air quality model to show that some observed enhancements in organic aerosol concentration along the Gulf Coast were likely due to the DWH spill. In the presence of evaporating hydrocarbons from the oil, NOx emissions from the recovery and cleanup operations produced ozone.

引用

页码：20280 / 20285

页数：6

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