Prevalence of falls in elderly men with diabetes in Diabetic Clinic Universiti Sains Malaysia Hospital, Malaysia

Background: Falls are a common health problem in the elderly. Diabetes mellitus (DM), highly prevalent in older people, is associated with an increased risk of falling and greater risks of disabilities related to mobility and daily tasks among elderly people. Objectives: The objectives of this study are to determine the prevalence of fall and its associated factors among elderly diabetes type 2 male in Diabetic Clinic Universiti Sains Malaysia Hospital. Methodology: This is a cross sectional study conducted from April 2007 till March 2008. A total of 131 elderly male were interviewed with a structured questionnaire which consisted of baseline data and medical history. Patients were physically examined for balance and gait assessment. We also reviewed patient's medical record for laboratory investigations result, medication and concomitant illness. In this study, we defined falls as "having at least one history of falls" in the past one year from the interview date. Results: The mean age of the respondents was 67.5 +/- 5.6 years and the mean HBA1c and fasting blood sugar were is 8.2% and 7.7 mmol/L respectively. The prevalence of fall was 12.9% (n = 17) and eleven males had history of recurrent falls. (64.7%) Age (p < 0.05), balance and gait score (p < 0.05), postural hypotension (p < 0.05) and peripheral neuropathy (p < 0.05) were significantly associated with fall. Conclusions: The prevalence of falls in elderly diabetic males was 12.9%. The associated factors of fall were age, balance and gait score, orthostatic hypotension, and peripheral neuropathy. (c) 2011 WPMH GmbH. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.