New Modular Semiautomatic System for Preparation of the Demineralized Bone Matrix for Clinical Transplantation

A bone matrix is made up of inorganic and organic components. Inorganic component represents 50%, whereas calcium and phosphorus are prevalent and jointly they form hydroxy apatite crystals. To a lesser extent, the ions of calcium phosphate are also present in a form of hydrogen carbonate, citrate, magnesium, potassium and natrium. The organic component is composed mostly of type I collagen and of a fundamental amorphous matter, formed also from glycosaminoglycans and proteins. We have focused our attention to the optimal way of preparing demineralized bone matrix - (DBM) from the spongious part of the thighbone head and the effect of the 0,5 M HCl demineralization, where the exposure of the osteoinductive parts of the bone occurs, the fundament of which is composed of proteins from the family of bone morphogenous proteins (BMPs). The preparation of such alogenous bone grafts to a great extent effects the successful application in orthopaedy, dental surgery and traumatologic surgery. DBM transplantation along with autologic osteoblasts cultivated in vitro represent a new bioengineering method for treating different defects such as juvenile bone cysts, bionecrosis of thighbone head, fracture, osteomyelitidis, pseudoarthrosis etc. The key to technologically managing the preparation of the precisely defined DBM is the monitoring and management of the whole process of demineralization. Cautious decalcification - (demineralization) with respect to preservation of the osteoinductive parts of DBM is the main issue of the whole process. Our objective is to develop a controlled process of the human DBM preparation for the osteo regenerative medical application and consequently present partial results to the forum.