The Effect of Dynamic Range Alterations in the Estimation of Contrast

Many adaptive beamformers claim to produce images with increased contrast, a feature that could enable a better detection of lesions and anatomical structures. Contrast is often quantified using the contrast ratio (CR) and the contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR). The estimation of CR and CNR can be affected by dynamic range alterations (DRAs), such as those produced by a trivial gray-level transformation. Thus, we can form the hypothesis that contrast improvements from adaptive beamformers can, partly, be due to DRA. In this paper, we confirm this hypothesis. We show evidence on the influence of DRA on the estimation of CR and CNR and on the fact that several methods in the state of the art do alter the DR. To study this phenomenon, we propose a DR test (DRT) to estimate the degree of DRA and we apply it to seven beamforming methods. We show that CR improvements correlate with DRT with R-2-adj = 0.88 in simulated data and R-2-adj = 0.98 in experiments. We also show that DRA may lead to increased CNR values, under some circumstances. These results suggest that claims on lesion detectability, based on CR and CNR values, should be revised.