Eco-routing of connected plug-in hybrid electric vehicles

We study the minimum energy routing problem for connected plug-in hybrid electric vehicles. Challenges include the limited on-board energy storage, the hybrid powertrain modeling, and the effect of traffic on energy consumption and travel time. We formulate the problem as a resource constrained shortest path problem with single origin and destination. We address two scenarios: static (long range) route planning based on traffic speed feeds, and dynamic (short range) route planning based on vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-infrastructure communication. In both scenarios, the proposed framework can systematically minimize energy consumption while maintaining travel time within specified limits.