The current study investigated the influence of presentation modality (live, video, and slide show) on children's memory, suggestibility, recognition, and metamemorial monitoring processes. A total of 270 children in three age groups (5- and 6-year-olds, 7- and 8-year-olds, and 9- and 10-year-olds) watched a magic show and were questioned about it I week later. The live show yielded more correct answers to nonleading questions, higher resistance to misleading questions, and better recognition memory than did the video condition, which in turn resulted in better performance than did the slide show. Although presentation modality raised the general level of memory performance, the effects were equally strong in all age groups and did not affect memory phenomena such as the size of the misinformation effect and confidence judgments. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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Univ British Columbia, Dept Psychol, 2136 West Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Psychol, 2121 Berkeley Way, Berkeley, CA 94720 USAUniv British Columbia, Dept Psychol, 2136 West Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
Baer, Carolyn
Malik, Puja
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Univ British Columbia, Dept Psychol, 2136 West Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, CanadaUniv British Columbia, Dept Psychol, 2136 West Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
Malik, Puja
Odic, Darko
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Univ British Columbia, Dept Psychol, 2136 West Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, CanadaUniv British Columbia, Dept Psychol, 2136 West Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada