Psychological vulnerability and insomnia

Insomnia in widespread health with important personal, occupational, and economic consequences. Multiple causes (psychologic, medical, pharmacologic, environmental) are recognized, but little is known about risks predisposing certain individuals to chronic insomnia. For instance, what is the role of psychological vulnerability? Although the response to this question might appear obvious, valid scientific evidence is lacking. We present a conceptual model of insomnia distinguishing vulnerability, triggering and maintaining factors. We also discuss different types of evidence supporting the notion of psychological vulnerability in insomnia. Finally, we examine the clinical implications and propose avenues of future research.