The associations between triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratios and the risks of gestational diabetes mellitus and large-for-gestational-age infant

Objective To evaluate the associations between triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratios and the risks of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and delivering large-for-gestational-age (LGA) infant. Design This was a single-centre prospective observational study. Patients Six hundred and thirty-six women with a singleton pregnancy were recruited. Measurements Lipids profile, HbA1c and glucose were measured at the time of oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) during 24-28 gestational weeks. TG/HDL-C ratios were calculated and clinical data including perinatal parameters were analysed. Results The prevalence of GDM was 17.30% (n = 110) and LGA was 3.93% (n = 25) in this study. TG/HDL-C ratios were found to be significantly higher in GDM group (P < 0.01) and LGA group (P = 0.045) compared with those in non-GDM group and non-LGA group, respectively. TG/HDL-C ratios were independently associated with the risks of GDM (OR = 1.64, P = 0.02) and LGA (OR = 2.87, P < 0.01). The area under the combined ROC curve of TG/HDL-C ratio and HbA1c to detect GDM was 0.705 (95% CI, 0.637-0.772). Furthermore, the area under the ROC curve of TG/HDL-C ratio combined with HbA1c and prepregnancy BMI to detect LGA was 0.806 (95% CI, 0.719-0.893). Conclusions TG/HDL-C ratios in combination with HbA1c and prepregnancy BMI can be good markers to predict the risks of GDM and delivering LGA infant.