Nanosized conducting polymers are particularly interesting for molecular electronics. The production, on different surfaces, of well-defined mono- and multilayers of these polymers is of high importance given their nanometer-size one-dimensional resolution. In this paper we review the work carried out by our group on the obtainment of novel thiophene- and pyrrole based nanometer-size molecular structures on different surfaces with new and promising properties. The results on the obtainment of self-assembled monolayers, brush structures, and electrostatic self-assembled multilayers of pyrrole- and thiophene- based polymers are described. Finally recent results on the obtainment of hybrid materials constituted of oligo- or polythiophenes and gold nanoparticles are reported.