TNF-Mediated activation of the stress-activated protein kinase pathway: TNF receptor-associated factor 2 recruits and activates germinal center kinase related

TNF-induced activation of stress activated protein kinases (SAPKs, Jun NH2-terminal kinases) requires TNF receptor associated factor 2 (TRAF2). TRAF2 is a potent activator of a 95-kDa serine/threonine kinase termed germinal center kinase related (GCKR, also referred to as KHS1), which signals activation of the SAPK pathway. Consistent with a role for GCKR in TNF- induced SARK activation, a kinase-inactive mutant of GCKR is a dominant negative inhibitor of TRAF2-induced SAPK activation. Here we show that TRAF2 interacts with GCKR, This interaction depended upon the TRAF domain of TRAF2 and the C-terminal 150 aa of GCKR, The full activation of GCKR by TRAF2 required the TRAF2 RING finger domain. TNF treatment of a T cell line, Jurkat, increased both GCRK and SAPK activity and enhanced the coimmunoprecipitation of GCKR with TRAF2, Similar results were found with the B cell line HS-Sultan. These findings are consistent with a model whereby TNF signaling results in the recruitment and activation of GCKR by TRAF2 which leads to SAPK activation.