Triple junction polymer solar cells

Similar to single and double junction polymer solar cells, triple junction devices can also be fabricated from all-solution processing. Although single and double junction polymer solar cells have exhibited an efficiency of 11.1% and 10.6% respectively, the triple junction structure shows promise in significantly increasing the device efficiency. In this work, the efficiency prediction for triple junction polymer solar cells and their dependence on subcell bandgaps, cutoff absorption wavelengths and active layer thicknesses are calculated and reviewed. Recent developments of triple junction polymer solar cells including intermediate layer materials, device performance evolution and future direction are presented. Also low bandgap polymers that are currently used or can potentially be used in triple junction solar cells are reviewed. This review provides researchers with a deep understanding and guidance in developing high performance triple junction polymer solar cells.