A Mobility Clustering-based Roadside Units Deployment for VANET

Vehicular ad hoc network(VANET) is increasingly studied recently due to its promising benefits to the urban life. The roadside unit(RSU) is one of the most important components for VANET. An effective deployment of RSUs will enhance the efficiency of the data delivery in VANET. In this paper, we propose to address the RSU deployment problem by formulating it as a mobility clustering problem. We adopt affinity propagation(AP) algorithm to capture the spatial temporal mobility influence in different time period. The union set of the obtained clustering centers which have the maximum influence to its cluster members is then the solution to RSU deployment. To validate our proposed deployment scheme, we evaluate the performance of the network with the deployed RSUs in terms of delivery ratio, average delay and hop count by adapting the conventional GPSR to VANET as the routing protocol. The simulation results show our proposed approach achieves near optimal solutions with much lower complexity compared to the exhaustive method.