Robustness vs redundancy in biological systems

Gene networks offer a wealth of data; this is mainly due to the genomic dimensionality rather than the samples, as the latter usually come from measurements obtained under a few experimental conditions or time points. It is therefore a challenging task to design suitable statistical models and to develop effective reverse engineering algorithms. The signature of noise is pervasive in genetic networks. For instance, in perturbation experiments only a few genes change expression value, while most genes are either noisy or constant. Consequently, a genetic regulatory network is a redundant system, due to the high-dimensionality and the dependence between genes, and also a sparse system through the gene-gene interaction matrix only partially active. In order to explore these two aspects, redundancy and sparsity, independent component analysis (ICA) is proposed as a flexible approximation model targeted to dimensionality reduction and gene feature selection.